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基于java的功能强大的开源规则引擎

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Drools简单项目

在本章中,我们将创建一个Drools项目下列问题说明:

 根据不同的城市和各类产品(城和产品的组合),找出当地税务相关的城市。

我们将有两个DRL文件为我们的Drools项目。这两个文件的DRL将意味着两个城市在考虑(Pune和Nagpur)和四类产品(杂货,药品,手表和奢侈品)。

  • 在这两个城市的药品税被认为是零。
  • 杂货,我们假设了2卢比在Pune和1卢比在Nagpur的一种税。

我们已经使用了相同的售价以证明不同的输出。请注意,所有的规则都被触发了应用。

这里是模型用来保存每个项目类型:

package com.sample; import java.math.BigDecimal; public class ItemCity { public enum City { PUNE, NAGPUR } public enum Type { GROCERIES, MEDICINES, WATCHES, LUXURYGOODS } private City purchaseCity; private BigDecimal sellPrice; private Type typeofItem; private BigDecimal localTax; public City getPurchaseCity() { return purchaseCity; } public void setPurchaseCity(City purchaseCity) { this.purchaseCity = purchaseCity; } public BigDecimal getSellPrice() { return sellPrice; } public void setSellPrice(BigDecimal sellPrice) { this.sellPrice = sellPrice; } public Type getTypeofItem() { return typeofItem; } public void setTypeofItem(Type typeofItem) { this.typeofItem = typeofItem; } public BigDecimal getLocalTax() { return localTax; } public void setLocalTax(BigDecimal localTax) { this.localTax = localTax; } }

DRL文件

正如前面所说,我们已经用了两个DRL文件在这里:Pune.drl 和Nagpur.drl.

Pune.drl

这是对Pune执行规则的DRL文件。

// created on: Dec 24, 2014 package droolsexample // list any import classes here. import com.sample.ItemCity; import java.math.BigDecimal; // declare any global variables here dialect "java" rule "Pune Medicine Item" when item : ItemCity (purchaseCity == ItemCity.City.PUNE, typeofItem == ItemCity.Type.MEDICINES) then BigDecimal tax = new BigDecimal(0.0); item.setLocalTax(tax.multiply(item.getSellPrice())); end rule "Pune Groceries Item" when item : ItemCity(purchaseCity == ItemCity.City.PUNE, typeofItem == ItemCity.Type.GROCERIES) then BigDecimal tax = new BigDecimal(2.0); item.setLocalTax(tax.multiply(item.getSellPrice())); end

Nagpur.drl

这是对Nagpur市执行规则的DRL文件。

// created on: Dec 26, 2014 package droolsexample // list any import classes here. import com.sample.ItemCity; import java.math.BigDecimal; // declare any global variables here dialect "java" rule "Nagpur Medicine Item" when item : ItemCity(purchaseCity == ItemCity.City.NAGPUR, typeofItem == ItemCity.Type.MEDICINES) then BigDecimal tax = new BigDecimal(0.0); item.setLocalTax(tax.multiply(item.getSellPrice())); end rule "Nagpur Groceries Item" when item : ItemCity(purchaseCity == ItemCity.City.NAGPUR, typeofItem == ItemCity.Type.GROCERIES) then BigDecimal tax = new BigDecimal(1.0); item.setLocalTax(tax.multiply(item.getSellPrice())); end

我们已经写了基于城市的DRL文件,因为它为我们提供了可扩展性,以在以后添加任意数量的规则文件,如果被添加了新的城市。

为了证明所有的规则都可以从我们的规则文件触发,我们已经使用了两种类型的产品(药物和杂货); 药是免税和杂货征税按城市。

我们的测试类加载规则文件,插入事实到会话,并产生输出。

Droolstest.java

package com.sample; import java.math.BigDecimal; import org.drools.KnowledgeBase; import org.drools.KnowledgeBaseFactory; import org.drools.builder.KnowledgeBuilder; import org.drools.builder.KnowledgeBuilderError; import org.drools.builder.KnowledgeBuilderErrors; import org.drools.builder.KnowledgeBuilderFactory; import org.drools.builder.ResourceType; import org.drools.io.ResourceFactory; import org.drools.runtime.StatefulKnowledgeSession; import com.sample.ItemCity.City; import com.sample.ItemCity.Type; /* This is a sample class to launch a rule. */ public class DroolsTest { public static final void main(String[] args) { try { // load up the knowledge base KnowledgeBase kbase = readKnowledgeBase(); StatefulKnowledgeSession ksession = kbase.newStatefulKnowledgeSession(); ItemCity item1 = new ItemCity(); item1.setPurchaseCity(City.PUNE); item1.setTypeofItem(Type.MEDICINES); item1.setSellPrice(new BigDecimal(10)); ksession.insert(item1); ItemCity item2 = new ItemCity(); item2.setPurchaseCity(City.PUNE); item2.setTypeofItem(Type.GROCERIES); item2.setSellPrice(new BigDecimal(10)); ksession.insert(item2); ItemCity item3 = new ItemCity(); item3.setPurchaseCity(City.NAGPUR); item3.setTypeofItem(Type.MEDICINES); item3.setSellPrice(new BigDecimal(10)); ksession.insert(item3); ItemCity item4 = new ItemCity(); item4.setPurchaseCity(City.NAGPUR); item4.setTypeofItem(Type.GROCERIES); item4.setSellPrice(new BigDecimal(10)); ksession.insert(item4); ksession.fireAllRules(); System.out.println(item1.getPurchaseCity().toString() + " " + item1.getLocalTax().intValue()); System.out.println(item2.getPurchaseCity().toString() + " " + item2.getLocalTax().intValue()); System.out.println(item3.getPurchaseCity().toString() + " " + item3.getLocalTax().intValue()); System.out.println(item4.getPurchaseCity().toString() + " " + item4.getLocalTax().intValue()); } catch (Throwable t) { t.printStackTrace(); } } private static KnowledgeBase readKnowledgeBase() throws Exception { KnowledgeBuilder kbuilder = KnowledgeBuilderFactory.newKnowledgeBuilder(); kbuilder.add(ResourceFactory.newClassPathResource("Pune.drl"), ResourceType.DRL); kbuilder.add(ResourceFactory.newClassPathResource("Nagpur.drl"), ResourceType.DRL); KnowledgeBuilderErrors errors = kbuilder.getErrors(); if (errors.size() > 0) { for (KnowledgeBuilderError error: errors) { System.err.println(error); } throw new IllegalArgumentException("Could not parse knowledge."); } KnowledgeBase kbase = KnowledgeBaseFactory.newKnowledgeBase(); kbase.addKnowledgePackages(kbuilder.getKnowledgePackages()); return kbase; } }

如果你运行这个程序,它的输出将如下所示:

PUNE 0
PUNE 20
NAGPUR 0
NAGPUR 10

对于这两种Pune的和Nagpur,当时该项目是一个医药,当地税务为零;而当该项目是一个杂货店的产品,该税是按城市的。更多的规则可以在DRL文件的其他产品中添加。这仅仅是一个示例程序。

调用外部函数形成DRL文件

在这里,我们将演示如何从DRL文件的Java文件调用静态函数。

首先,创建一个类HelloCity.java在同一个包com.sample中。

package com.sample; public class HelloCity { public static void writeHello(String name) { System.out.println("HELLO " + name + "!!!!!!"); } }

此后,添加import语句在DRL文件来调用从DRL文件writeHello方法。在下面的代码块中,修改DRL文件Pune.drl以黄色突出显示。

// created on: Dec 24, 2014 package droolsexample // list any import classes here. import com.sample.ItemCity; import java.math.BigDecimal; import com.sample.HelloCity; //declare any global variables here dialect "java" rule "Pune Medicine Item" when item : ItemCity(purchaseCity == ItemCity.City.PUNE, typeofItem == ItemCity.Type.MEDICINES) then BigDecimal tax = new BigDecimal(0.0); item.setLocalTax(tax.multiply(item.getSellPrice())); HelloCity.writeHello(item.getPurchaseCity().toString()); end rule "Pune Groceries Item" when item : ItemCity(purchaseCity == ItemCity.City.PUNE, typeofItem == ItemCity.Type.GROCERIES) then BigDecimal tax = new BigDecimal(2.0); item.setLocalTax(tax.multiply(item.getSellPrice())); end

再次运行程序,其输出将如下所示:

HELLO PUNE!!!!!! PUNE 0
PUNE 20
NAGPUR 0
NAGPUR 10

现在,在输出的差被标记为黄色,显示在Java类的静态方法的输出。

其优点调用Java方法是,我们可以用Java编写的任何效用/辅助函数,并从DRL文件调用相同。


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